The Eurofighter Typhoon entered service with the Royal Air Force in 2003 and went on to be at the forefront of operations. Based at RAF Lossiemouth and RAF Coningsby, they are capable of being deployed for the full spectrum of air operations including air policing, peace support and high.
![]() Eurofighter Typhoon Future Full Spectrum OfNATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency manages the project and is the prime customer. The Typhoon was designed and is manufactured by a consortium of Alenia Aermacchi ( Leonardo since 2017), Airbus Group, and BAE Systems that conducts the majority of the project through a joint holding company, Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH formed in 1986. £125m (including development + production costs) The Eurofighter Typhoon is a twin-engine, canard- delta wing, multirole fighter. Its development remains on schedule for integration onto TyphoonAs part of the Phase 4 Enhancement, ensuring that the backbone of our CombatAir capability remains at the cutting-edge of technology, capability, andSurvivability. Cast windows media playerThe aircraft's name, Typhoon, was adopted in September 1998 the first production contracts were also signed that year.Political issues in the partner nations significantly protracted the Typhoon's development the sudden end of the Cold War reduced European demand for fighter aircraft, and debate existed over the aircraft's cost and work share. A technology demonstration aircraft, the British Aerospace EAP, first took flight on 6 August 1986 the first prototype of the finalised Eurofighter made its first flight on 27 March 1994. Disagreements over design authority and operational requirements led France to leave the consortium to develop the Dassault Rafale independently. Later production aircraft have been increasingly better equipped to undertake air-to-surface strike missions and to be compatible with an increasing number of different armaments and equipment, including Storm Shadow and the RAF's Brimstone. The Eurofighter Typhoon is a highly agile aircraft, designed to be a supremely effective dogfighter in combat. The air forces of Oman and Kuwait are export customers, bringing the procurement total to 599 aircraft as of 2016. The P.96 design had little potential for growth, and when it entered production, it would secure few exports in a market in which the Hornet would be well established. While the design would have met the Air Staff's requirements, the UK air industry had reservations, as it appeared to be very similar to the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet, which was then well advanced in its development. The AST 403 specification, issued by the Air staff in 1972, led to the P.96 conventional "tailed" design presented in the late 1970s. 2.1.1 Radar signature reduction featuresThe UK had identified a requirement for a new fighter as early as 1971. The type has also taken primary responsibility for air-defence duties for the majority of customer nations. Stronghold legends gameplayThe UK produced two designs the P.106 was a single-engined "lightweight" fighter, superficially resembling the JAS 39 Gripen, the P.110 was a twin-engined fighter. The development of different national prototypes continued. It was at this stage of development the Eurofighter name was first attached to the aircraft. In October 1979 Dassault joined the ECF team for a tri-national study, which became known as the European Combat Aircraft. Although the British Aerospace designers rejected some of its advanced features such as engine vectoring nozzles and vented trailing edge controls, a form of boundary layer control, they agreed with the overall configuration.In 1979, Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB) and British Aerospace (BAe) presented a formal proposal to their respective governments for the ECF, the European Collaborative Fighter or European Combat Fighter. This was a cranked delta wing design with forward close-coupled- canard controls and artificial stability. One major external difference was the replacement of the side-mounted engine intakes with a chin intake. The ACA was very similar to the BAe P.110, having a cranked delta wing, canards and a twin tail. British Aerospace EAP (for "Experimental Aircraft Programme") at the Farnborough Air Show, 1986Consequently, the Panavia partners (MBB, BAe and Aeritalia) launched the Agile Combat Aircraft (ACA) programme in April 1982. The ECA project collapsed in 1981 for several reasons, including differing requirements, Dassault's insistence on "design leadership" and the British preference for a new version of the RB199 to power the aircraft versus the French preference for the new Snecma M88. West Germany continued to refine the TKF-90 concept. In May 1983, BAe announced a contract with the MoD for the development and production of an ACA demonstrator, the Experimental Aircraft Programme. MBB and Aeritalia signed up with the aim of producing two aircraft, one at Warton and one by MBB. The German and Italian governments withdrew funding, and the UK Ministry of Defence agreed to fund 50% of the cost with the remaining 50% to be provided by industry. ![]() The EAP first flew on 6 August 1986. In April 1986, the BAe EAP was rolled out at BAe Warton, by this time also partially funded by MBB, BAe and Aeritalia. When the EAP programme had started, the cost was supposed to be equally shared by government and industry, but the West German and Italian governments wavered on the agreement and the three main industrial partners had to provide £100 million to keep the programme from ending. France officially withdrew from the project to pursue its own ACX project, which was to become the Dassault Rafale.EJ200 engine on display at Paris Air Show 2013By 1986, the programme's cost had reached £180 million. The share of the production work was divided among the countries in proportion to their projected procurement – DASA (33%), British Aerospace (33%), Aeritalia (21%), and Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA) (13%).The Munich-based Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH was established in 1986 to manage development of the project and EuroJet Turbo GmbH, the alliance of Rolls-Royce, MTU Aero Engines, FiatAvio (now Avio) and ITP for development of the EJ200. Initial requirements were: UK: 250 aircraft, Germany: 250, Italy: 165 and Spain: 100. Design work continued over the next five years using data from the EAP. DelaysRAF Typhoon FGR4 shows off its delta wingIn 1995 concerns over workshare appeared. GEC thus withdrew its support for the MSD2000. An agreement was reached after UK Defence Secretary Tom King assured his West German counterpart Gerhard Stoltenberg that the British government would approve the project and allow the GEC subsidiary Marconi Electronic Systems to acquire Ferranti Defence Systems from its parent, the Ferranti Group, which was in financial and legal difficulties. The UK, Italy and Spain supported the Ferranti Defence Systems-led ECR-90, while Germany preferred the APG-65-based MSD2000 (a collaboration between Hughes, AEG and GEC-Marconi). By 1990, the selection of the aircraft's radar had become a major stumbling-block. The UK cut its orders from 250 to 232, Germany from 250 to 140, Italy from 165 to 121 and Spain from 100 to 87.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorToya ArchivesCategories |